Introduzione:
Wfuzz è uno strumento di pentesting open source che viene usato per scoprire vulnerabilità in un sistema o addirittura un applicazione web.
Funziona inviando richieste HTTP a un server, modificando parametri in modo che il server inizi a comportarsi in modo anomalo, esempio restituendo un codice di stato HTTP diverso dal normale funzionamento, in poche parole ci mettiamo nei panni dell'attaccante.
Dipendenze:
- python3
- python3-chardet
- python3-distutils
- python3-pycurl
- python3-pyparsing
- python3-six
Comandi base:
- -c: puoi decidere se il tool deve o meno utilizzare i cookie.
- -h: imponi un intestazione HTTP da inviare con la richiesta.
- -H: intestazione aggiuntiva da inviare con la richiesta.
- -o: per selezionare il formato dell'output che preferisci per visualizzare i risultati del test.
- -p: file che contiene i parametri da utilizzare per la richiesta.
- -s: per dare il codice di stato HTTP che wfuzz deve cercare nella risposta del server.
- -u: per scrivere l'URL della richiesta da inviare al server.
Tutti i comandi:
root@kali:~# wfuzz --help
default
default
********************************************************
* Wfuzz 3.1.0 - The Web Fuzzer *
* *
* Version up to 1.4c coded by: *
* Christian Martorella (cmartorella@edge-security.com) *
* Carlos del ojo (deepbit@gmail.com) *
* *
* Version 1.4d to 3.1.0 coded by: *
* Xavier Mendez (xmendez@edge-security.com) *
********************************************************
Usage: wfuzz [options] -z payload,params <url>
FUZZ, ..., FUZnZ wherever you put these keywords wfuzz will replace them with the values of the specified payload.
FUZZ{baseline_value} FUZZ will be replaced by baseline_value. It will be the first request performed and could be used as a base for filtering.
Options:
-h/--help : This help
--help : Advanced help
--filter-help : Filter language specification
--version : Wfuzz version details
-e <type> : List of available encoders/payloads/iterators/printers/scripts
--recipe <filename> : Reads options from a recipe. Repeat for various recipes.
--dump-recipe <filename> : Prints current options as a recipe
--oF <filename> : Saves fuzz results to a file. These can be consumed later using the wfuzz payload.
-c : Output with colors
-v : Verbose information.
-f filename,printer : Store results in the output file using the specified printer (raw printer if omitted).
-o printer : Show results using the specified printer.
--interact : (beta) If selected,all key presses are captured. This allows you to interact with the program.
--dry-run : Print the results of applying the requests without actually making any HTTP request.
--prev : Print the previous HTTP requests (only when using payloads generating fuzzresults)
--efield <expr> : Show the specified language expression together with the current payload. Repeat for various fields.
--field <expr> : Do not show the payload but only the specified language expression. Repeat for various fields.
-p addr : Use Proxy in format ip:port:type. Repeat option for using various proxies.
Where type could be SOCKS4,SOCKS5 or HTTP if omitted.
-t N : Specify the number of concurrent connections (10 default)
-s N : Specify time delay between requests (0 default)
-R depth : Recursive path discovery being depth the maximum recursion level.
-D depth : Maximum link depth level.
-L,--follow : Follow HTTP redirections
--ip host:port : Specify an IP to connect to instead of the URL's host in the format ip:port
-Z : Scan mode (Connection errors will be ignored).
--req-delay N : Sets the maximum time in seconds the request is allowed to take (CURLOPT_TIMEOUT). Default 90.
--conn-delay N : Sets the maximum time in seconds the connection phase to the server to take (CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT). Default 90.
-A, --AA, --AAA : Alias for -v -c and --script=default,verbose,discover respectively
--no-cache : Disable plugins cache. Every request will be scanned.
--script= : Equivalent to --script=default
--script=<plugins> : Runs script's scan. <plugins> is a comma separated list of plugin-files or plugin-categories
--script-help=<plugins> : Show help about scripts.
--script-args n1=v1,... : Provide arguments to scripts. ie. --script-args grep.regex="<A href=\"(.*?)\">"
-u url : Specify a URL for the request.
-m iterator : Specify an iterator for combining payloads (product by default)
-z payload : Specify a payload for each FUZZ keyword used in the form of name[,parameter][,encoder].
A list of encoders can be used, ie. md5-sha1. Encoders can be chained, ie. md5@sha1.
Encoders category can be used. ie. url
Use help as a payload to show payload plugin's details (you can filter using --slice)
--zP <params> : Arguments for the specified payload (it must be preceded by -z or -w).
--zD <default> : Default parameter for the specified payload (it must be preceded by -z or -w).
--zE <encoder> : Encoder for the specified payload (it must be preceded by -z or -w).
--slice <filter> : Filter payload's elements using the specified expression. It must be preceded by -z.
-w wordlist : Specify a wordlist file (alias for -z file,wordlist).
-V alltype : All parameters bruteforcing (allvars and allpost). No need for FUZZ keyword.
-X method : Specify an HTTP method for the request, ie. HEAD or FUZZ
-b cookie : Specify a cookie for the requests. Repeat option for various cookies.
-d postdata : Use post data (ex: "id=FUZZ&catalogue=1")
-H header : Use header (ex:"Cookie:id=1312321&user=FUZZ"). Repeat option for various headers.
--basic/ntlm/digest auth : in format "user:pass" or "FUZZ:FUZZ" or "domain\FUZ2Z:FUZZ"
--hc/hl/hw/hh N[,N]+ : Hide responses with the specified code/lines/words/chars (Use BBB for taking values from baseline)
--sc/sl/sw/sh N[,N]+ : Show responses with the specified code/lines/words/chars (Use BBB for taking values from baseline)
--ss/hs regex : Show/hide responses with the specified regex within the content
--filter <filter> : Show/hide responses using the specified filter expression (Use BBB for taking values from baseline)
--prefilter <filter> : Filter items before fuzzing using the specified expression. Repeat for concatenating filters.
Esempi
Trovare file o directory nascosti su un server web:
wfuzz -c -w wordlist.txt -u http://ethicalhacking.freeflarum.com/FUZZ
Trovare input di form non validati che possono essere sfruttati per vulnerabilità SQL:
wfuzz -c -w wordlist.txt -d "username=admin&password=FUZZ" -u http://ethicalhacking.freeflarum.com/login.php
Trovare parametri di query non filtrati che possono essere utilizzati per la reflective XSS:
wfuzz -c -w wordlist.txt -u "http://ethicalhacking.freeflarum.com/search?q=FUZZ"
Conclusioni:
Wfuzz è un tool molto utile per i pentester, per scoprire possibili vulnerabilità, con un utilizzo abbastanza semplice.
È giusto precisare che utilizzare questi tool senza autorizzazione o a scopo malevolo è illegale e può comportare conseguenze legali.
